Generalization of Garsia’s Expansion Formula for Top to Random Shuffles
نویسنده
چکیده
In the top to random shuffle, the first a cards are removed from a deck of n cards 12 . . . n and then inserted back into the deck. This action can be studied by treating the top to random shuffle as an element Ba of the algebra Q(Sn). For a = 1, Adriano Garsia in “On the Powers of Top to Random Shuffling” (2002) derived an expansion formula for B 1 for k ≤ n, though his proof for the formula was non-bijective. We provide a bijective proof of Garsia’s expansion formula, which will in addition allow us to improve upon this formula to arbitrary k. Afterward, we generalize Garsia’s formula, providing an expansion formula for B a . Résumé. Dans le “du-haut-au-hasard shuffle”, les a premières cartes sont retirées d’un jeu de n cartes 12 · · ·n pour ensuite les ré-insérer. Cette action peut être étudiée en traitant le “du-haut-au-hasard shuffle” comme un élément Ba de l’algébre Q(Sn). Adriano Garsia dans “On the Powers of Top to Random Shuffling” (2002) donne une formule valide pour B 1 avec k ≤ n. Cependant, sa preuve est non bijective. Nous donnons une preuve bijective de ce résultat le généralisant à k quelconque. Enfin, nous élargirons la formule de Garsia à B a .
منابع مشابه
Generalization of Garsia’s Formula
Notice that Bk a is a sum of terms σ1σ2 . . . σk where σi ∈ Sn is a term of the ith copy of Ba. Each σi will be called an a-shuffle, because it shuffles the first a cards back into the deck. We can thus denote σi = (b(i−1)a+1, b(i−1)a+2, . . . , bia) where b(i−1)a+m = σi(m) (i.e. σi acted on the mth card of the deck). Thus, the sequence (σ1, . . . , σk) gives rise to the ka-tuple (b1, b2, . . ....
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تاریخ انتشار 2013